A debtor considering bankruptcy must bear in mind that a bankruptcy stays on his or her credit report for up to 10 years, which can potentially make it difficult to get future credit. A debtor should also keep in mind that some debts must still be paid even if he or she files for bankruptcy. Accordingly, it is essential to contact an experienced bankruptcy attorney before making potentially life-altering financial decisions.
Established Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Bankruptcy Attorneys
When times are tough, you may face financial difficulties that require sound, balanced legal counsel. Bankruptcy is the best available option for many people dealing with an overwhelming debt load, and the team of lawyers at The Law Offices of Leslie David Jacobson is adept at analyzing your unique situation. We encourage you to contact an experienced attorney who is determined to help you make the best decisions for your future.
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The Law Offices of Leslie David Jacobson offers caring counsel and an array of legal services to people in the south-central Pennsylvania counties of Dauphin, Cumberland, York, Adams, Franklin, Lebanon, Lancaster, Perry, and Juniata, including cities such as Camp Hill, Mechanicsburg, New Cumberland, Lemoyne, Hanover, York, Carlisle, Shippensburg, Chambersburg, Lancaster, Lebanon and Hummelstown.
The decision to file Chapter 7, Chapter 13, or Chapter 11 bankruptcy is a serious one, and it should be made only with the guidance of a lawyer you can trust to work in your best interests. For a free consultation to discuss your financial situation, legal situation and the obligations associated with bankruptcy or other alternatives, you can contact an attorney at our respected law firm in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
Commercial Bankruptcy
Like a consumer, a business sometimes finds itself in the uncomfortable position of being unable to pay its debts. One solution is to file for bankruptcy, a legal process in federal bankruptcy court that releases the business from the obligation to pay all or some of its debts. The experienced lawyers at Leslie D. Jacobson, Law Offices in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania advise business owners about whether bankruptcy is right for them.
Bankruptcy Choices for Small Businesses
Businesses must choose among alternative types of bankruptcies, each of which corresponds to a different chapter of the federal Bankruptcy Code. Businesses usually choose either Chapter 7 or Chapter 11, or occasionally Chapter 13. Sometimes businesses can be involuntary drawn into bankruptcy by their creditors, who face stiff financial penalties if they initiate an involuntary bankruptcy for invalid reasons.
Chapter 7
Chapter 7 bankruptcies are called "liquidation bankruptcies." Chapter 7 is usually employed by consumer debtors, but can also be used by businesses that want to liquidate their assets to be relieved of debt. A Chapter 7 bankruptcy is commenced when the business files a petition with the bankruptcy court. The court then orders an automatic stay of all collection action against the business and its property. A court-appointed trustee manages the details of the bankruptcy, selling business assets to satisfy business debt, to the extent possible. At the conclusion of the proceeding, remaining debts of the business are not discharged as with an individual debtor, but generally the business ceases to exist because its assets are gone and it is no longer a profitable concern.
Chapter 11
In Chapter 11 bankruptcies, which are usually filed by businesses and rarely by individuals, the commercial debtor is usually allowed to stay in business throughout the bankruptcy proceedings. A business debtor may only operate independently in its ordinary course; transactions outside the ordinary course of business require court approval.
A Chapter 11 proceeding, like one under Chapter 7, is initiated by filing a petition, but a trustee is not automatically appointed. Although the bankruptcy judge may decide to appoint a trustee in a Chapter 11 case, it is the exception rather than the rule. As in Chapter 7, the filing of the bankruptcy petition stops creditors from attempting to collect their debts.
The debtor has time to file a proposed plan of reorganization. The plan of reorganization sets forth in detail how the debtor intends to conduct its business, while continuing to make payments to its creditors. In some situations, creditors may instead or also propose plans of reorganization. Creditors are divided into classes with varying rights depending upon the types of debt they hold. The approval process involves negotiation and input from creditors. Ultimately, a plan must be approved by the court. In some cases, the court approves the plan even though some of the creditors did not. If no plan is approved, however, the bankruptcy is often converted to a Chapter 7 liquidation or may be dismissed.
The choice between Chapter 7 and Chapter 11 is not necessarily permanent; once proceedings have begun, a case may be converted to a different chapter, under certain circumstances.
Conclusion
Bankruptcy may not be the best option for every business, but sometimes it is the best choice a business owner can make. Alternatives to bankruptcy include working informally with creditors toward a repayment plan or assigning assets for the benefit of creditors. A lawyer experienced in bankruptcy law, like those at Leslie D. Jacobson, Law Offices in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, can help a business decide whether bankruptcy best meets its needs.
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